Finland, known as the “Land of a Thousand Lakes,” is a country of unparalleled natural beauty, where pristine landscapes stretch as far as the eye can see. From its vast national parks to the countless lakes that dot its terrain, Finland offers a haven for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. The country’s diverse wildlife, from the majestic reindeer to the elusive brown bear, adds to the allure of its wilderness. In this article, we will explore the best of Finland’s natural beauty, focusing on its national parks, lakes, and wildlife.
The Majestic National Parks of Finland
Finland is home to 40 national parks, each offering a unique glimpse into the country’s natural wonders. These protected areas cover over 9,000 square kilometers, providing visitors with the opportunity to experience Finland’s diverse ecosystems, from lush forests to rugged fells.
Nuuksio National Park: A Wilderness Close to the City
Located just a short drive from Helsinki, Nuuksio National Park is a popular destination for those seeking a quick escape into nature. Despite its proximity to the capital, Nuuksio offers a tranquil wilderness experience, with its dense forests, sparkling lakes, and rocky outcrops. The park is crisscrossed by numerous trails, ranging from easy walks to more challenging hikes, allowing visitors to explore its beauty at their own pace.
Nuuksio is also home to a variety of wildlife, including the endangered Siberian flying squirrel, which can be spotted gliding between trees at dusk. Birdwatchers will also find plenty to enjoy, with over 200 species of birds recorded in the park.
Oulanka National Park: A Paradise for Hikers
Oulanka National Park, located in northeastern Finland, is a paradise for hikers and nature lovers. The park is renowned for the Karhunkierros Trail, one of Finland’s most famous long-distance hiking routes, which takes visitors through some of the country’s most stunning landscapes. From the dramatic Rapids of Kiutaköngäs to the tranquil forests and wetlands, Oulanka offers a diverse range of habitats to explore.
One of the park’s highlights is the Oulanka River, which winds its way through the park, creating a series of breathtaking rapids and waterfalls. The river is also an important habitat for the endangered freshwater pearl mussel, which can live for over 100 years.
Urho Kekkonen National Park: The Heart of Lapland
For those seeking to experience the wild beauty of the Arctic, Urho Kekkonen National Park in Lapland is a must-visit destination. Covering an area of over 2,500 square kilometers, this park is one of Finland’s largest and most remote. The landscape here is characterized by rolling fells, sparse forests, and vast tundra, offering a true taste of the Arctic wilderness.
Urho Kekkonen National Park is also a place of deep cultural significance, as it is home to the indigenous Sámi people, who have lived in harmony with the land for thousands of years. Visitors to the park can learn about Sámi culture and traditions, and even join a reindeer herding excursion to experience this ancient way of life.
The Lakes of Finland: A Symphony of Water and Forest
With over 188,000 lakes, Finland is often referred to as the “Land of a Thousand Lakes.” These lakes, surrounded by dense forests and dotted with islands, create some of the most picturesque landscapes in the world. Whether you are looking to relax by the water’s edge, paddle through crystal-clear waters, or fish for the abundant freshwater species, Finland’s lakes offer endless opportunities for outdoor recreation.
Lake Saimaa: The Jewel of Finnish Lakes
Lake Saimaa, the largest lake in Finland and the fourth-largest in Europe, is a true jewel in the crown of Finland’s natural beauty. Located in southeastern Finland, Lake Saimaa is a labyrinth of interconnected waterways, islands, and peninsulas, offering a diverse and stunning landscape to explore.
The lake is also home to the endangered Saimaa ringed seal, one of the rarest seals in the world. With only about 400 individuals remaining, seeing one of these elusive creatures is a rare and unforgettable experience. The best time to spot them is during the late spring when they come to the surface to bask on the rocks.
Lake Saimaa is also a popular destination for boating, fishing, and kayaking. The clear waters are teeming with fish, including perch, pike, and the prized Saimaa salmon, making it a favorite spot for anglers.
Lake Inari: A Sacred Body of Water
In the far north of Finland, beyond the Arctic Circle, lies Lake Inari, a body of water that holds great cultural and spiritual significance for the Sámi people. Surrounded by the remote wilderness of Lapland, Lake Inari is one of the largest lakes in Finland, covering an area of over 1,000 square kilometers.
The lake is dotted with over 3,000 islands, each with its own unique character. One of the most famous is Ukonsaari, a sacred site for the Sámi, where ancient sacrifices were once made to the god Ukko. Today, visitors can explore the island and learn about the rich cultural history of the region.
Lake Inari is also a great place to experience the Northern Lights, with the dark winter skies often illuminated by this natural phenomenon. In the summer, the midnight sun casts a magical glow over the landscape, making it an ideal destination for those seeking solitude and tranquility.
Wildlife of Finland: A Land of Untamed Nature
Finland’s diverse landscapes are home to a rich array of wildlife, making it a prime destination for wildlife enthusiasts. From the dense forests of the south to the tundra of the north, Finland’s natural habitats support a wide variety of species, many of which are rarely seen elsewhere in Europe.
The Brown Bear: Finland’s Majestic Predator
One of Finland’s most iconic animals is the brown bear, which roams the forests of eastern and northern Finland. With an estimated population of 1,500 bears, Finland is one of the best places in Europe to see these majestic creatures in the wild. The best time to spot them is during the late spring and summer when they emerge from hibernation in search of food.
Several wildlife tours offer the chance to observe brown bears from the safety of a hide, allowing visitors to witness these powerful animals in their natural habitat. Watching a bear as it forages for berries or fishes in a stream is an experience that few will forget.
The Gray Wolf: A Symbol of the Wilderness
The gray wolf is another of Finland’s top predators, though it is much more elusive than the brown bear. With a population of around 300 individuals, wolves are mainly found in the remote forests of eastern Finland. These intelligent and social animals live in packs and are known for their strong family bonds.
While sightings are rare, those lucky enough to encounter a wolf in the wild will gain a profound appreciation for the wild and untamed nature of Finland’s wilderness.
Birdwatching in Finland: A Paradise for Avian Enthusiasts
Finland is a paradise for birdwatchers, with its diverse habitats supporting a wide variety of bird species. The country’s national parks and nature reserves are home to over 450 species of birds, including some that are rarely seen elsewhere in Europe.
One of the most sought-after species is the Siberian jay, a curious and intelligent bird that is often found in the forests of Lapland. The white-tailed eagle, with its impressive wingspan, can be seen soaring over the lakes and coastlines, while the colorful Eurasian bullfinch is a common sight in winter.
For those interested in seeing migratory birds, Finland’s wetlands and coastal areas provide important stopover points for species such as geese, cranes, and waders. The best time for birdwatching in Finland is during the spring and autumn migrations when the skies are filled with flocks of birds traveling to and from their breeding grounds.
Conclusion
Finland’s natural beauty is a testament to the power and serenity of untouched wilderness. From the majestic national parks and the endless expanse of lakes to the diverse wildlife that roams the forests and tundra, Finland offers a unique and unforgettable experience for nature lovers. Whether you are hiking through the Arctic wilderness, paddling on a serene lake, or watching a brown bear in its natural habitat, Finland invites you to discover the wonders of the natural world.
